दृष्टिकोण – Indra's Viewpoint

While the news from share markets may be shocking, India appears to be doing fairly good. Is it because of the great democracy that India is? Even Late Benjir Bhutto in her autobiography excerpted in ‘The Sunday Times’ recently mentions, “Democracy cannot be sustained in the absence of a stable and growing middle class. The growth of India into a regional and international economic power occurred – not coincidentally – as its middle class exploded into a huge economic and political force.” India may be a country of “extreme paradoxes” with 48 “dollar billionaires” on the one hand and 260 million below poverty line people on the other, as former top UN official Shashi Tharoor says. India is certainly to move a little faster and also to grow inclusively.

But the enterprising India brings hope. Exports are still on track and so is the per capita income. India Inc gives hope.

Exports up 16.04% to $12.31 bn in Dec’07 India’s exports registered a growth of 16.04 per cent to 12.31 billion dollars in December 2007, as against 10.61 billion dollars in the same month of 2006. For April-December period of 2007-08, India’s exports stood at 111 billion dollars, registering a growth of 21.76 per cent, from 91.20 billion dollars in the corresponding period of the previous fiscal.

Per capita income up by 14.2% in 2006-07: The per capita income at current prices is estimated at Rs 29,642 in 2006-07 as against Rs 25,956 for the previous year, depicting a growth of 14.2 per cent, according to the figures released today by Central and Statistical Office (CSO). GDP records growth of 9.6% in 2006-07: Economy grew by 9.6 per cent during the year 2006-07, up from 9.4 per cent in the previous year, on the back of strong showing of manufacturing sector The National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) has revised its current fiscal gross domestic product (GDP) growth of the economy to 9.1 per cent, against the 8.9 per cent it had forecast in October 2007.India ranks 11th, China 48th on Global Integrity’s index India is ranked 11th among 55 countries for governance and anti-corruption standards in the recent report released by the independent watchdog organization, Global Integrity.

India is thinking big. India can send crew to space in seven years. The Indian government has been “sensitized” on the issue of manned space flights and India’s space agency will be able to send crew to space in seven to eight years. India and the US have agreed to cooperate in the exploration and use of space for peaceful purposes, including in human space flight, under an agreement signed between their space agencies.

MNCs in the country are investing. Strengthening its bid to make India its global small car hub, Korean car major Hyundai Motor today said it will invest $1 billion by 2013, to beef up operations in the country. The company today commissioned its second plant set up at a total investment of $528 million (Rs 2,429 crore).

Indian companies are going ahead with its acquisition plans. Tata Chemicals (TCL) has signed definitive agreements to acquire US-based soda ash maker General Chemical Industries Products Inc (GCIP) for $1.05 billion (about Rs 4,000 crore) to become the second largest producer of soda ash in the world.

MNCs are setting up its R&D units in India. Chemicals and polymers manufacturer Dow Chemicals plans to develop its Pune unit into a global research and development centre that will focus on a wide spectrum of products which give it an edge in the Indian and international market. Swedish vehicle giant Volvo plans to turn a new Indian manufacturing facility into a low-cost export hub to tap rising Asian demand for public bus transport, the company said on Wednesday.

Government is slowly but steadily going for reforms. In a bold move aimed at attracting foreign capital in its fast-expanding economy, the Union government has relaxed foreign ownership norms in six businesses including aviation, commodity exchanges and oil refining, braving opposition from Communist allies in a year of 10 state elections.

Indian companies are performing better. A survey conducted by CyberMedia’s Glogal Services and neoIT reveals more than one-fourth of the 100 best information technology (IT) and business process outsourcing (BPO) service providers across the globe are headquartered in India. The survey identified India as the hub for global delivery with 57% of the employees engaged in delivery centers located in India, followed by 18% in the US. India’s largest software provider Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) ranked first in list of best performing IT services companies. Tata Consultancy Services Ltd has secured around Rs 784 crore order from Sun Life Financial of Canada for offering outsourcing services. The order was bagged by Diligenta, a UK-based financial services authority-regulated subsidiary of Tata Consultancy Services Ltd (TCS).

Indians in world’s wealthiest CEOs: Forbes: Out of the world’s 10 wealthiest CEOs, four positions have been grabbed by Indians: Lakshmi Mittal is ranked at the 2nd place followed by Mukesh Ambani (6th place), Anil Ambani (7th) and Wipro chief Azim Premji (9th).

BPO Industry can touch $50 bn by 2012: Nasscom: The Indian BPO industry can reach $30 billion by 2012 but has the potential to grow five-fold to $50 billion if the “right choices” are made by the industry stakeholders, says a joint study between Nasscom and Everest Group, a global strategy consulting group. India Takes Outsourcing to New Heights: Indian companies were the main engine behind the growth, accounting for US$4.9 billion, up from US$2.7 billion in 2006.

India IT to cross $10 bn by 2011: The Indian information technology (IT) services industry is poised to touch $10.73 billion by 2011, predicts research firm Gartner. Despite high attrition rates, the industry will grow at a five-year compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 23.2 per cent, says the study. http://www.business-standard.com/common/news_article.php?leftnm=8&autono=311825

Indian firms still big in IT services: Indian firms came first in four out of 10 information technology service categories in a global survey that selects the 100 best IT services providers. US-headquartered IT firms topped in four other categories and one firm each from Mexico and China took the other prizes in the 4th Cybermedia Global IT Services Survey.

Boeing in tech venture with Wipro, HCL: Boeing Co has entered into an agreement with the Indian Institute of Science and software firms Wipro Technologies and HCL Technologies to develop wireless technologies and other network technologies.

In ’06-07, India invested $2.2b in US: In 2006-2007, Indian FDI into US was $2.2 billion while US investment in India was $850 million (minus the Mauritius route), according to US ambassador David Mulford. In UK, where India is now the second largest investor, second only to the US, at well over one billion pounds. With over 500 Indian companies operating in the UK, India has established a presence in sectors like IT and ITES, and now manufacturing.

<a href="http://www.livemint.com/2008/01/28190758/India-not-vulnerable-to-US-rec.html “>India not vulnerable to US recession: S&P: Unlike South Korea and Singapore, India is not vulnerable to fallout of the US recession, says a report by the international credit rating agency Standard and Poor’s.

IITs to invest over Rs 1,500 crore to set up virtual varsity: The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) are in talks with US-based Carnegie Mellon University to set up a Virtual IIT. To be set up at a cost of over Rs 1,500 crore over the next three to four years, it will enable aspiring IITians and engineering students who could not make it to the premier engineering institutes of technology to bag an IIT-equivalent degree online.

12 Indians on Forbes list of top 100 dealmakers: As many as 12 Indian-origin persons have made it to a list of 100 dealmakers with ‘midas-touch’ prepared by the renowned business magazine, based on the value of the companies these people have taken public or sold in the past five years as well as the capital and involvement it took to get there.

Auto majors scout for Indian design acumen: A number of automobile majors are now testing waters in various engineering and design schools of the country through design contests, diploma projects and interactions to discover innovative designs. Italian design house Pininfarina, which designs cars like Ferrari, Jaguar and Alfa Romeo, took the first step towards Indian designs when it signed a statement of intent to pursue collaborative automobile design activities with Ahmedabad-based National Institute of Design (NID). Nano has spurred the present breed of designers to take India to the world through their designs
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ISB among top 20 B-schools in the world: FT: The Indian School of Business (ISB) has become the first business school from the country to figure in the top 100 business schools ranked by the Financial Times.

Tata mini-truck to roll into US: Tata Motors is considering making its first foray into the US with a tie-up to sell its Ace “mini-truck” with an electric motor in the country. The Indian automotive company, which earlier this month unveiled the world’s cheapest passenger car, the $2,500 Nano, plans to co-operate with a US company to assemble and sell the fast-selling Ace truck in North America.

Mahindra launches Scorpio SUV, delivery vans in Brazil: Mahindra & Mahindra (M&M), the country’s top utility vehicle maker, today announced the launch of Scorpio SUV and its Pik-Up range (single and double cab) in Brazil with Bramont-Montadora Industrial e Comercial de Veiculos. A facility has been set up to assemble the vehicles with an annual capacity of 5,000. Body assembly would be undertaken by Usiparts – a Usiminas System company – while the chassis, suspension and engine (power-train) would be assembled by Bramont at its plant in Manaus (AM).

India is still booming.

Media reports these days are pretty rosy about the arriving of manufacturing India on global scenario. Tata’s Nano at recent Auto Expo 2008 has raised the hope bar. The special report ‘Made in India’ in Sunday Times of India tracks the rise of the label. “From cars to tractors, refrigerators to laptops, made-and-designed-in-India is becoming a sought after label.” The other day my friend was enthusiastically mentioning the reported preference of Indian goods by the Americans. Chiidanand Rajghatta and many are reporting the wonderful work done by the NRI. How tall can be the claim of ‘NRI brains power world’? I request my readers to go to the entries and read it. Somehow I am of an opinion that India must undergo an overhaul of mindsets about the need of manufacturing to survive and compete. It must not be limited to some few big and small industry leaders and some government institutions. The government, trade associations, engineering colleges must encourage the talents in design and innovations. Schools of management must study how can India become a manufacturing power. The Chinese manufacturers are to be the examples for India. It is interesting to understand how China has moved from low-end manufacturing to high-end too and today is dominating and challenging even Korea and Japan.

Everyone connected and concerned with manufacturing in India must read, understand, and help India learn from the real revolutionary stories of the manufacturing companies of China and the way its cost innovation is disrupting global competition.

I am going through ‘Dragons at your door’ written by Ming Zeng, Professor of Strategy at Cheung Kong Graduate School of Business, Beijing and Peter J. Williamson, Professor of International Management and Asian Business at the INSEAD business school in Fontainebleau and Singapore, that Harvard Business School Press has published. It answers many pertinent questions with the stories of many Chinese companies.

How do the emerging Chinese companies, with limited resources and often little experience, pull off the cost innovation feat?

The Chinese companies are delivering high technology at low cost by leveraging cheap R&D resources; betting on low-cost, alternative technologies; and using the rise of open architecture to blow apart competitors’ high-margin, proprietary systems.

Dawning makes high-performance computers (HPCs), and has become one of the world leaders. It produced its first supercomputer by improving the capability for the processors to work together and then made a technological advance in the hardware and software required to get standard processors to work together at super fast speeds. And today it has transferred some of its supercomputer technologies to bring the benefits of HPCs to the low-end server market.

Zhongxing Medical developed direct digital radiography (DDR) X-ray machine based on line-scanning technology that cost around $20,000 to build, compared with between $ 150,000 to $200,000 for a flat panel DDR. That was more than adequate for the high-volume, every day radiography needs in a hospital, such as chest scans and routine medical examinations. The company then invested heavily in R&D to upgrade the performance of its line-scanning technology. Today its much cheaper machines are almost matching the expensive flat panel products of the competition (for example, the scanning time has been reduced from ten seconds to about two seconds and thus the procedure is much more comfortable for patients).

Teknova is another leading manufacturer of the medical diagnostic equipment and created an all-digital machine for ultrasound scanning using open architecture so that data produced by its digital ultrasound machines could be processed by standard IT equipment that most hospitals already had. Neusoft had used a similar approach in magnetic response imaging (MRI) equipment and digital X-ray machines to become the seventh largest supplier of medical equipment in the world.

The Chinese companies are today able to offer to customers massive variety and choice at mass-market prices through a focus on process innovation and recombination of existing technologies. A good example is BYD, the maker of rechargeable batteries, now second only to Sanyo in global market share. BYD developed its own Ni Cad production line by breaking the automated production processes down and replacing expensive machines with manual procedures that could be completed by ordinary workers. Even with extra workers, BYD could produce a Ni Cad battery for a total cost of $1, compared with cost of $5 to $6 incurred by rivals in Japan. Chint, a maker of electrical equipment such as transformers and power supply units has also achieved a similar cost innovation for achieving variety at low cost.

Haier innovated a high performance washing machine by combining the advantages of the existing machines that were in use in Asia, Europe and US: European machines used less water. American ones were usually faster, and the Asian models generally made better use of electronic sensors. The newly developed Haier machine used only half the water of conventional machines and close to 50% improvement in cleaning power at twice the speed. Additionally, it also reduced the wear and tear on garments by 60%.

The Chinese companies are applying scale intensive technology to specialty products, transforming these businesses by dramatically reducing the costs and prices and hence increasing volumes. Shinco developed its own VCD system from scratch to enable consumer to get quality viewing even from poorly duplicated pirated disks. Shinco then designed and developed its own DVD player and launched in 1999 with superior error correction that cost $129 less than its nearest global competitor. Today Shinco sells more portable DVD players than any other company in the world.

While reading ‘Dragon at your door’, I feel the Chinese way must get the same or more attention in our business schools and industry as once the Japanese way of manufacturing was getting.

Let Indian manufacturers learn from these stories. India has all that is required to be the leader in manufacturing. The number of the missionary leaders in manufacturing segments must grow fast.

I get delighted to read and know about the great projects that bring about a major change in improving the quality of life and will take us in the league of the developed countries of the world. Two recently announced projects come under that category.

First is Delhi Metro’s Airport Express Link. With a dedicated fast track, that will take commuters from New Delhi Railway Station to IGI in 20 minutes flat speeding at 135 kmph. It will also have check-in facilities too at the railway station where the travelers abroad will be taking the train. What a great thing to dream of the day! IGI will be in line with or better than many international airports. After reaching IGI station, the people can straight walk to the terminal’s lobby. DMRC promises that the new service should be operational by July 2010. It will be on the lines of Heathrow Express, London and Narita Express at Tokyo. The total cost is estimated at Rs 3,800 crore. With personal experience of Heathrow and Narita, the DMRC project becomes more exciting for me. And with DMRC’s record of completion of all its projects before the schedule time, I am confident about having it in place in time.

Second is Ganga Expressway Project of Mayawati running across Uttar Pradesh from east (Ballia) to west (Noida). Jai Prakash Associates Limited, as expected, has bagged the contract with its lowest bid of Rs 29,355 crore. In a one-page ad in the national print media with a prayer to Ganga, Jai Prakash Associates vows to complete this 8-lane, 1047- km Expressway in the next three years. The expressway will certainly lead to massive development all along the river and will connect the backward eastern region. As economists say the region through which the expressway passes, gets the per capita income of the people there improved considerably and automatically.

Let me confess I am not a fan of Mayawati rather I hate her brand of politics. However, I appreciate her developmental projects. She initiated Taj Expressway to connect Agra with Noida, and also some flyovers in Noida in 2003 when she headed BJP-BSP coalition. Unfortunately, Mulayam stalled it. I wish JP Associates completed the Taj Express project as soon as possible. It would have given confidence to the people. Interestingly, it was JP Associates who completed Noida-Greater Noida Expressway. And as some in Noida associated with the project claimed while the Expressway was in making, the lady used to get Rs 1 crore in cash every week. Is the Ganga Expressway being expedited to accumulate the money required to reach the highest chair of the country in New Delhi?

However, it hardly concerns me if the project gets completed in time and the quality of work is maintained to the world-class standard. The three expressways running through the UP, beside Ganga expressway will include East-West Corridor, and Golden Quadrilateral. It will mean a great excitement for the motoring population and prosperity for the state.

It can happen only if Myawati could win over the protests of the opposition parties, making forcible acquisition of agricultural land as issue that had avowed to continue the agitation till the project is withdrawn.

Will it have a fate of Buddha’s Nandigram?

I had been to Agra many times but not from Jaipur. Moreover, it was only this time that we stayed in Agra for two nights in Taj View. However, in 1965, Chander Prakash and myself stayed in a hotel suitable to our means then as executive trainee in an engineering company. But we had covered Agra more extensively and intensively too. We visited all places such as Agra Fort, Itimadud-daula, and Radha Swami Dayalbag Temple in making and Fatehpur Sikri, using local transport, many times a tanga (horse driven). I don’t remember if camel carts were available in those days, most probably not.

I vividly remember the sight of Taj Mahal in moonlit night during August 1965. It was just exhilarating and I still feel happy to think of the uniquely divine sight. We spent daytime in seeing once all around Taj and kept on taking many photographs. In evening we came in again in evening and sat on the platform near the entrance gate. It gradually darkened and Taj Mahal vanished in the darkness. But then moon gradually started coming up and the whole profile of Taj Mahal got clearer and clearer. By 10 PM or so, Taj Mahal was bathing in the moonlight. It was a great sight in itself. You can’t explain that, you can only appreciate, if you experience.

The journey this time to Agra from Jaipur was pretty arduous. At many places, the road that is getting widened was really bad. At Taj Mahal, I was amazed at certain obvious shortcomings rather mismanagement. Even on a weekday, there was a huge queue. Why can’t the authority provide more facilities for security checks, if it is a necessity to save it from terrorists? Why can’t it have sufficient clean toilets, both Indian and European style, particularly for women when it takes a fee for it?

And finally I can’t but mention something about the Hotel Taj View of reputed Tata Group. Anand had booked two rooms from which Taj Mahal could be viewed months in advance. It claimed to provide a clear view of Taj from the rooms. It took time to convince the man at the front desk that we had booked only those rooms. Why would have it happened? We had selected a full moon night to be in Agra to view Taj on a moonlit night from our rooms. In night, we couldn’t see anything because of the fog. However, in the morning as the sun got brighter, we could get a view of Taj. However, it was not that exciting because of haze and smog. Why can’t Taj View be truthful in putting the real situation? Alas! We couldn’t go to see Taj on full moon night. We could have entered Taj Mahal in night for an hour, if we would have booked for it by paying Rs 750 per person one day in advance. We didn’t have this information. Why couldn’t the Hotel provide this basic information about the Taj Mahal, when our booking was done from USA?

But the most shocking was our attempt to visit Fatehpur Sikri. It turned out to be a nightmare. A little before our vehicle reached Fatehpur Sikri, we found goons in the name of guides started troubling us. They had created jams on the main road that is under construction. They tried to get into the vehicle in pretext to take us through a different route at a cost. Finally, we could not find a solution to the jam even after an hour. We had started well in time at 3PM after completing the visit of Taj Mahal, but we couldn’t make it to Fatehpur Sikri.. We decided to return instead without taking a risk with those goons. Satish, our driver did manage to reverse the Innova and brought us back to Taj View.

How can we relish and appreciate this experience of these visits as one of Incredible India?

Chokhi Dhani built on typical Rajasthani theme at Jaipur is a great indigenous initiative to make the visiting guests aware of the local rural traditions and culture. Every state capital can emulate and create one such entertainment and hospitality center. The metros can create on a much larger canvass with the total country as subject. It goes a long way to attract local as well as foreign tourists and provides source of earnings for many.

Shannon did enjoy the place better as in one place she could get everything that she wished to do while in India. She could ride the elephant as well as camel and got a feel of bullock cart too. She did also like the pretty adventurous folk dances. However, the management of Chokhi Dhani must improve the facilities in the rooms such as better sanitary fittings, and offer more varieties in the buffet dinner in the village resort. The resort should keep on adding new features that delight the guests.
To be continued

I was in Jaipur in 1965 for almost a month. It was training on initiative of Late BM Sharda, who was then the production manager of machine shop in Hindustan Motors. HM was procuring multi-spindle automatic lathes for the first time. NBC, presently known as NEI was already having many of those machine tools. When I met Chander Prakash and Satish in the factory they insisted that I live with them rather than staying in hotel. Both knew me when we as executive trainees were living in Flats of HM. I have many sweet memories of those days. I had visited all the places of interest including the City Palace of Jaipur in those days itself. Jaipur city had impressed me. It was really sparkling clean, green and pink.

Birla Mandir

City Palace

This time when with Shannon and Anand when I visited the city, Palace, and Amer, I got morose. Jaipur is too much crowded and appears dilapidated and filthy too. I wish the government and the people could maintain Jaipur, the first planned city of India as a heritage city. Birla Mandir is a new tourist attraction. Amer is under restoration. It is creditable that the authority is making all the places of tourist attraction accessible for physically challenged visitors with ramps.

Dilapidated Heritage

It was nice to reach so near to the entrance on our vehicle courtesy Satish who knew the road. Shannon couldn’t have elephant ride to Amer. The elephant ride is only one way from the bottom of the fort to the main courtyard and that too at a cost of Rs 500 for two persons. I had thought of enquiring about the person in Amer who is making paper using elephant dung, but couldn’t do that.

Somehow, the history of Amer and Jaipur is not that glorious as that of Chittodgarh and Udaipur. The rulers of Jaipur were peace loving and perhaps more shrewd to move with time, and married their daughters to Muslim emperors. The story of Jhodhabai and Akbar is well known. However, Jaipur has become more popular with tourists. City Palace is still under the control of the family of the King.

Last few months we had been traveling by road quite a lot. I get delighted to see India getting its road network totally transformed into expressways. While in Kolkata this month we came across the roads that exemplify the evolution. I had an opportunity to pass through three roads-GT Road, NH-2 Highway, and Durgapur Expressway. The three roads tell of the evolution of roads.

We were in Kolkata between January 4 and Jan 8, 2008. After we landed on Dumdum, our taxi went through the expressway that passed through Rajarhat, the prestigious new satellite city that is being developed by Leftist government. However, the expressway was in real poor condition in many stretches, perhaps because of heavy construction work that is going on.

To visit Hind Motor, Konnagar, and Baidybati, we passed through the roads of Kolkata taking the BT road to Dakhineswar, and then turned to GT Road, the historical road built by Sher Shah Suri to Konnagar to meet Anand’s teacher Mrs Lakshman Singh and family. One can hardly tell any thing good or improved about this heritage road because of the state sponsored encroachment of the road. I have seen this happening since I joined HM. Many a times I used the road to go to Sasaram, my hometown and the birthplace of the emperor. It appears neither the government nor the people are interested in saving this road at least for the posterity.

For going to Baidyabati, we took Delhi Road NH-2 that was built during the time I worked for HM. Many a times I had used the road NH-2 for pleasure trips. It used to be smooth going through the rural Bengal. It was also the road that I used for going to Sasaram after it got ready. But then gradually it became congested with many habitations mushrooming along the road and started remaining potholed for most of the time. I saw many factories coming up along both the sides.

For returning to Salt Lake, we took Durgapur Expressway. Though the approach to the Expressway from Baidyabati was pretty bad with the road totally damaged by the commercial vehicles, the experience of the Durgapur Expressway that is part of Golden Quadrilateral was stunningly delighting.

Our next road trip with Anand and Shannon was to Jaipur and Agra. While the road to Jaipur is part of GQ, leading to Mumbai. The entry road to Jaipur through Amer is still single-lane. Road from Jaipur to Agra is also under up-gradation to four-lane. And perhaps it will take another two or more years for commuters to experience a pleasant drive.

However, the Expressway between Agra to Delhi was the best but for a small stretch near Sikandara. I feel road network must integrate certain facilities for the sake of commuters who shall be using it more and more for pleasure trips.

1. The most importantly NHAI must provide for rest rooms at regular intervals with good signage. If it is costly and difficult to maintain, can’t all the petrol pumps be made to have it compulsorily?

2. NHAI must also provide for separate truck parking away from he main road with facilities for drivers and vehicles. Vehicles of any kind must not use the lanes of expressway for parking.

3. No doubt. Some good restaurants have come up on the Expressways, but it is difficult to know while driving the distance of the next eating-place.

4. A way out for stopping the encroachment will be a necessity to keep the mesh out of the Expressway driving delight. Near Sikandara, many factories are having its boundary walls so near to the Expressway. Can’t CII or FICII ask its members to be more responsible?

I wish I could get updated information about the rest rooms and restaurants on different segments of the Expressways on some websites before starting on my trips by road. That is one of my many concerns before taking a long one to complete GQ.
Can any one help?

They went back on Saturday. And we are again alone.

Anand arrived in early morning of December 31, 2007 with Shannon and the little Emma. We had been waiting for this for a long time. We were seeing Emma as well as Shannon for the first time. They removed our loneliness and made us feel young. All anxieties and suspicions vanished. Shannon is lovely and accommodating. She comes from a different cultural background, but she lived with us without any reservation and bestowed on us the love and respect more than what we expected. We are still villagers in many respects. To give one example, an educated lady from among the relatives visited us to meet her, and insisted Shannon to touch her feet. I got myself embarrassed. Shannon got perplexed too, but managed with real dignity that made me feel proud.

Yamuna and myself had to accompany them on the most occasions as desired by Anand, though we find it physically strenuous. We took a flight to Kolkata, stayed there for almost five days, visited Baidyabati, and Dakhineswar, and returned to Delhi by Rajdhani Express. It was a great experience to be together with Shannon and Emma. We had similar experience when we went out with them to Jaipur and Agra. We had quality time together at Chokhi Dhani and Taj View Hotel. Whenever Shannon and Anand went out to Delhi, Kurukshetra or to local market with driver, we kept Emma with us. It was a great experience. She is peaceful and can live with any one. I spend playing with her. She has learnt crawling, and turning around during the period she was here, and she got a tooth too. Her all sweet gestures and actions will remain alive in our mind for years to come.